Tarot History Forum

𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐢𝐱-𝐞𝐧-𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟔 ⁣
(𝘈𝘯 𝘦𝘹𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘱𝘵 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘓𝘦𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘢̀ 𝘫𝘰𝘶𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘶 𝘟𝘐𝘝 𝘢𝘶 𝘟𝘟 𝘴𝘪𝘦̀𝘤𝘭𝘦 𝘝𝘰𝘭. 2⁣
𝘣𝘺 𝘈𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘦, 𝘏𝘦𝘯𝘳𝘺 𝘙𝘦𝘯𝘦́ 𝘥')⁣
⁣
The oldest known record of master cardmakers in Aix dates to 𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟔, though they were already well established in the former capital of Provence. Tax registers from that year list 𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬, each running workshops with apprentices, journeymen, and family members:⁣
⁣
𝐉𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐩𝐡 𝐉𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 – 1 apprentice: Pierre Houdon ⁣
𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐲𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐝 – 1 journeyman: Joseph Chassard; 1 apprentice: Bernard Martin ⁣
𝐓𝐡𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐬 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧 – 2 sons: Jean and Thomas; 2 daughters: Marguerite and Marthe; 1 servant ⁣
𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧ç𝐨𝐢𝐬 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧 – 3 journeymen: Jean Gambal, Mathieu Gervais, François Maupera; 2 apprentices: Jacques Cabasse, Jean-Joseph Revest⁣
𝐉𝐚𝐜𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐮𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐲* – 1 journeyman: Jean Mellet; 1 apprentice: Louis Chafaud ⁣
𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐝 – 1 journeyman: Alexis Achard⁣
𝐉𝐞𝐚𝐧 𝐈𝐦𝐛𝐚𝐫𝐝 – 1 apprentice: Jean Henry ⁣
𝐉𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐩𝐡 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐞 – 2 sons: Laurent and Anthoine ⁣
(𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘤𝘦: 𝘔𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘢𝘭 𝘈𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘈𝘪𝘹, 𝘊𝘢𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳, 1696)⁣
⁣
But by 1705, the number of master cardmakers had dropped to just four. This decline was triggered by the reinstatement of the playing card tax under the royal edict of 1701, which disrupted the industry.⁣
⁣
The remaining masters were:⁣
⁣
𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐲𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐝⁣
⁣ 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧ç𝐨𝐢𝐬 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧⁣
𝐉𝐚𝐜𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐮𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐲⁣
⁣ 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐑𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐝

*Notes:
Jaufroy is a spelling variant of Geoffroy, Jacques Geoffroy, master cartier, was the father of Margueritte (wife of Jean Dreveton) & Theresa (wife of Jean Payen).

Jaufroy's apprentice, Louis Chafard, became a marchant cartier & married Francoise Dreveton, the daughter of Jean Dreveton & Marguerite Geoffroy, on February 24, 1710 in Aix-en-provence & established a thriving workshop of his own in Beziers.

One Thomas Dreverton is listed as being active in Grenoble in 1661 by Edmond Maignien in his "Recherches sur les cartiers et les cartes à jouer à Grenoble". I am not sure of the relationship (if any) to the Drevetons of Aix-en-Provence.

SteveM wrote: 07 Nov 2025, 15:04 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧ç𝐨𝐢𝐬 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧 – 3 journeymen: Jean Gambal, Mathieu Gervais, François Maupera; 2 apprentices: Jacques Cabasse, Jean-Joseph Revest⁣

𝐉𝐞𝐚𝐧-𝐉𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐩𝐡 𝐑𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐬𝐭 (𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝟏𝟕𝟎𝟒–𝟏𝟕𝟑𝟓):⁣⁣
⁣⁣
Originally from Aix-en-Provence, son of Jean-Baptiste Revest. He was apprenticed to François Dreveton, master cardmaker in Aix-en-Provence, in 1696. ⁣⁣
⁣⁣
On 6 May 1704, Revest was officially received as a resident of Carpentras, “gratis”, because he was the only cardmaker in the town at the time. He married Lucrèce Aurès in 1705 and acquired multiple properties in Carpentras between 1707 and 1714, indicating growing prosperity.⁣⁣
⁣⁣
Like many cardmakers, he was also a papetier (paper merchant). In 1713, he partnered with Joseph Jassot, a papermaker from Vaucluse, to trade various types of paper, especially at the Beaucaire fair, a major regional market.⁣⁣
⁣⁣
Two cardmakers from Aix-en-Provence were employed by him, one had apprenticed with Jean Payen in 1687 in Avignon, the other was active in Avignon in 1711. In 1714, he commissioned Claude Merme to produce card molds for him. ⁣He trained several apprentices over the years, indicating a thriving workshop and a commitment to passing on the craft.⁣
⁣⁣
Revest’s only daughter, Honorade-Marie, married on February 11, 1721, Esprit Trescartes, born around 1683 in Sablet, in the Comtat Venaissin, who had done his apprenticeship as a cardmaker under Jean Payen in Avignon from 1700 to 1705.⁣⁣
By 1734, Revest was in partnership with Esprit Trescartes, his son-in-law, who succeeded Revest following his death on 14 February 1735.⁣⁣
⁣⁣
Source: 𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘔𝘢î𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘴-𝘊𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘥'𝘈𝘷𝘪𝘨𝘯𝘰𝘯 𝘥𝘶 𝘟𝘝𝘮𝘦 𝘚𝘪è𝘤𝘭𝘦 à 𝘭𝘢 𝘙é𝘷𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 by H. Chobaut.

SteveM wrote: 07 Nov 2025, 15:04 𝐉𝐚𝐜𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐮𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐲* – 1 journeyman: Jean Mellet; 1 apprentice: Louis Chafaud ⁣

𝐉𝐚𝐜𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐉𝐚𝐮𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐲 (GEOFFROY) – 1 journeyman: Jean Mellet; 1 apprentice: Louis Chafaud"

Jacque Geoffroy's apprentice, Louis Chaffard, became a marchand cartier & married Francoise Dreveton, the daughter of Jean Dreveton & Marguerite Geoffroy, and grand-daughter of his master, on February 24, 1710 in Aix-en-provence. They moved to Bezier where Chaffard was active as a Master Cartier until c1749.
Francoise died in 1722 & Jacques married three more times following. Gilles LIONNET, called "la hire", master cartier married their daughter Marie Catherine CHAFFARD at Saint Félix de Béziers on 6 April 1737.

Louis also had a brother Joseph, but all I know of him is his marriage in 1693 to Gabrielle Colomb. I presume a branch of one of these two brothers would lead us to the maker of the Joseph Chaffard Tarot deck of 1747, speculatively presumed to be of Marseille, but possibly of Aix-en-Provence?

SteveM wrote: 07 Nov 2025, 15:04 𝐓𝐡𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐬 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧 – 2 sons: Jean and Thomas; 2 daughters: Marguerite and Marthe; 1 servant ⁣

Thomas Dreveton - 𝐀𝐯𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐨𝐧 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐝 (𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟖–𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟎):⁣
⁣
One Thomas Dreveton established himself as a merchant-cardmaker and papermaker in Avignon, specifically place du Petit Change, in the parish of La Principale.⁣ It is not clear if it was Thomas Dreveton 1684-1757, son of Thomas Dreveton, or his cousin Thomas born of Francois Dreveton in 1691.
⁣
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟗 𝐀𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭:⁣
⁣
In 1719, he attempted, alongside with his relatives, the Payen family, to monopolize the production of fine playing cards in Avignon. ⁣
⁣
𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘪𝘯𝘷𝘰𝘭𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦:⁣
⁣
Jean Payen (father), Jean-Pierre Payen (son), and Thomas Dreveton, all master cardmakers in Avignon. ⁣
⁣
Acting also on behalf of Jean Payen fils aîné, the eldest son.⁣
⁣
Lambert Premier, a cardmaker and cartonnier (cardboard maker), also based in Avignon.⁣
⁣
𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵:⁣
⁣
Premier had traditionally specialized in cartons (cardboard), but had recently begun producing and selling playing cards, encroaching on the Payen-Dreveton domain.⁣
⁣
The Payens and Dreveton, long established in both cards and cartons, saw this as a threat.⁣
⁣
To avoid open conflict, the parties negotiated a mutual non-compete agreement, brokered by mutual friends and peace mediators.⁣
⁣
𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭⁣
⁣
𝘗𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘪𝘦𝘳’𝘴 𝘙𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴:⁣
⁣
He agreed to cease producing or selling playing cards, directly or indirectly, unless explicitly authorized by the Payens and Dreveton.⁣
⁣
Exception: he could still sell used or trimmed cards and foreign cards (cards for export (?), but not “cartes de piques” (?).

𝘗𝘢𝘺𝘦𝘯 & 𝘋𝘳𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘵𝘰𝘯’𝘴 𝘙𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴:⁣
⁣
They agreed to stop producing or selling cartons, unless purchased directly from Premier.⁣
⁣
Premier was obliged to sell them cartons at the lowest market price, with 15 days’ notice.⁣
⁣
𝘛𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘊𝘭𝘢𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘴:⁣
⁣
Premier could finish selling his current stock of cards and paper.⁣
⁣
Payen and Dreveton could sell off their remaining cartons.⁣
⁣
𝘙𝘰𝘨𝘯𝘶𝘳𝘦𝘴 𝘊𝘭𝘢𝘶𝘴𝘦:⁣
⁣
Payen and Dreveton agreed to sell all their paper scraps (rognures) exclusively to Premier at a fixed rate (5 livres per quintal).⁣
⁣
𝘓𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘳 𝘙𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴:⁣
⁣
Premier could not hire any apprentices for cardmaking - only for carton production.⁣
⁣
If he needed workers for "foreign cards" (cards for export?), Payen and Dreveton were obliged to supply them, paid at customary rates.⁣
⁣
𝘗𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘺 𝘊𝘭𝘢𝘶𝘴𝘦:⁣
⁣
Any violation of the agreement would incur a fine of 300 livres, payable to the other parties, without legal proceedings⁣
⁣
𝐂𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 (𝟏𝟒 𝐍𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟗)⁣
⁣
Just six months later, the same parties reconvened and mutually annulled the contract, declaring themselves freed from all obligations. The reasons are not stated.⁣
⁣
𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧 𝐭𝐨 𝐀𝐢𝐱-𝐞𝐧-𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞:⁣
⁣
Possibly due to the 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐠𝐮𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟏, Dreveton returned to his native Aix, where he continued as a master card-maker until 1753.⁣
⁣
Source: 𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘔𝘢î𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘴-𝘊𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘥'𝘈𝘷𝘪𝘨𝘯𝘰𝘯 𝘥𝘶 𝘟𝘝𝘮𝘦 𝘚𝘪è𝘤𝘭𝘦 à 𝘭𝘢 𝘙é𝘷𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 by H. Chobaut.

An example published by Francois Dreveton, of Aix-en-Provence, the tax stamp says "CARTES DE 1708 DE PROVENCE", the engraver's* initials are C.B. We can find the same initials on decks of Maitre Geoffroy, also of Aix-en-Provence, and of Jean-Joseph Revest, maitre cartier of Carpentras, who had served his apprenticeship under Jacques Geoffroy, maitre cartier of Aix-en-Provence; and of Jean Imbard of Aix-en-Provence.

* I presume they are of the engraver - I have seen it suggested they might be those of the Tax Administrator?

source: BnF

A Tarot by Thomas Dreveton 1666?

https://www.tarotgraphe.com/blog-1/marseille-tarot-1666

The Tarot of Joseph Chaffard, 1747?

(sorry - I had a couple of links to images but can no longer find them - like the Tourcaty it has Bacus on the two of cups.)

SteveM wrote: 07 Nov 2025, 15:04 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐢𝐱-𝐞𝐧-𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, 𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟔 ⁣
(𝘈𝘯 𝘦𝘹𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘱𝘵 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘓𝘦𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘢̀ 𝘫𝘰𝘶𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘶 𝘟𝘐𝘝 𝘢𝘶 𝘟𝘟 𝘴𝘪𝘦̀𝘤𝘭𝘦 𝘝𝘰𝘭. 2⁣
𝘣𝘺 𝘈𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘦, 𝘏𝘦𝘯𝘳𝘺 𝘙𝘦𝘯𝘦́ 𝘥')⁣
⁣
𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧ç𝐨𝐢𝐬 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧 – 3 journeymen: Jean Gambal, Mathieu Gervais, François Maupera; 2 apprentices: Jacques Cabasse, Jean-Joseph Revest⁣

Francois Dreveton married Honorade Gras (1663-1748) on February 4 février 1690 : Aix en Provence Ste Madeleine:

Their eldest son Thomas Dreveton was born the next year in1691; their last son and youngest child Augustin Dreveton (1703-1743) married Marie Anne Grimaud on February 22, 1724 in Marseille St. Martin.

𝘏𝘦𝘯𝘳𝘺 𝘙𝘦𝘯𝘦́ 𝘥'𝘈𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘦 has periods of activity for the Dreveton dynasty of cardmakers as:

Dreveton Augustin, Aix-en-Provence, 1738-1743.
Dreveton widow of Augustin, Aix-en-Provence, 1752.
Dreveton François, Aix-en-Provence, 1696-1737.
Dreveton Jean, Aix-en-Provence, 1683.
Dreveton Thomas, Grenoble, 1661.
Dreveton Thomas, l’aîné, Aix-en-Provence, 1660-1738.
Dreveton Thomas, Aix-en-Provence, 1731

𝟏. 𝐋𝐨𝐮𝐢𝐬 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐟𝐟𝐚𝐫𝐝⁣
𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟔: Listed as apprentice to 𝘔𝘢î𝘵𝘳𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘳 𝘑𝘢𝘤𝘲𝘶𝘦𝘴 𝘎𝘦𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘺 in 𝐀𝐢𝐱-𝐞𝐧-𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞, per tax registries.⁣
⁣
𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟎: Married 𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐧ç𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐞 𝐃𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐧, Geoffroy’s granddaughter & later appears as a 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐧 𝐁é𝐳𝐢𝐞𝐫𝐬, indicating upward mobility from apprentice to master-merchant.⁣
⁣
𝟐. 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐑𝐨𝐜𝐡 𝐍𝐨ë𝐥 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐟𝐟𝐚𝐫𝐝 (𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐋𝐨𝐮𝐢𝐬)⁣
Married to R𝐨𝐬𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐠𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐆𝐮𝐢𝐛𝐛𝐚𝐥 continued the family tradition as a 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐧 𝐁é𝐳𝐢𝐞𝐫𝐬.

Active in the 𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟎𝐬, but embroiled in a major regulatory dispute:⁣
⁣
𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟓: Condemned by the Tax Steward to:⁣
⁣
𝐀 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝟑,𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐫𝐞𝐬⁣
⁣
𝐋𝐨𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐡𝐢𝐩⁣
⁣
𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐨𝐨𝐥𝐬 & 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥𝐬⁣
⁣
Reason: Production of quadrille and piquet cards using 𝐟𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐬 and 𝐮𝐧𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐫, seized at the shop of the widow Pujot in Agde.⁣
⁣
𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟔: Reinstated as master after agreeing to pay the reduced fine of 𝟐,𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐫𝐞𝐬 in monthly installments.⁣
⁣
His case exemplifies the precarity of artisan status under Ancient Régime fiscal enforcement, the harshness of which led to many emigrating to England, Switzerland and the Netherlands.
⁣
References: L𝘦𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘢̀ 𝘫𝘰𝘶𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘶 𝘟𝘐𝘝 𝘢𝘶 𝘟𝘟 𝘴𝘪𝘦̀𝘤𝘭𝘦 𝘝𝘰𝘭. 2⁣ 𝘣𝘺 𝘏𝘦𝘯𝘳𝘺 𝘙𝘦𝘯𝘦́ 𝘥'𝘈𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘦

SteveM wrote: 08 Nov 2025, 08:23 A Tarot by Thomas Dreveton 1666?

https://www.tarotgraphe.com/blog-1/marseille-tarot-1666

The Tarot of Joseph Chaffard, 1747?

(sorry - I had a couple of links to images but can no longer find them - like the Tourcaty it has Bacus on the two of cups.)

This one is from the museum in Schaffhausen, Switzerland, illustrated in Schweizer Spielkarten 2, catalogue number 22. For provenance, Thierry has written "Marseille?" because, despite the Chaffard family's association with Béziers, tarots are not known to have been made in Béziers or anywhere west of the Rhône (? - maybe in Nîmes...)

Ross Caldwell wrote: 11 Nov 2025, 10:23

SteveM wrote: 08 Nov 2025, 08:23 A Tarot by Thomas Dreveton 1666?

https://www.tarotgraphe.com/blog-1/marseille-tarot-1666

The Tarot of Joseph Chaffard, 1747?

(sorry - I had a couple of links to images but can no longer find them - like the Tourcaty it has Bacus on the two of cups.)

This one is from the museum in Schaffhausen, Switzerland, illustrated in Schweizer Spielkarten 2, catalogue number 22. For provenance, Thierry has written "Marseille?" because, despite the Chaffard family's association with Béziers, tarots are not known to have been made in Béziers or anywhere west of the Rhône (? - maybe in Nîmes...)

Thanks Ross!

I have seen another tarot with a bachus like figure on the 2 of Cups : I wrote in previous post Tourcaty (when I know full well he has a Phoenix) &cannot recall which other deck it was. But having mentioned Tourcaty (albeit mistakenly) I may as well note here that we know of some business relationship between Thomas Dreveton and Tourcaty from 𝘓𝘦𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘢̀ 𝘫𝘰𝘶𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘶 𝘟𝘐𝘝 𝘢𝘶 𝘟𝘟 𝘴𝘪𝘦̀𝘤𝘭𝘦 𝘝𝘰𝘭. 2⁣, p311:

"1712. Procès-verbal des commis du fermier en date du 14 février, ceux-ci ayant trouvé dans la barque Notre-Dame de Bon-Voyage une caisse contenant 38 douzaines et un jeu de cartes neuves triailles vendues par Thomas Dreveton au sieur Tourcaty, de Marseille."

"1712. Report of the tax-farmer’s agents dated February 14, they found on the boat Notre-Dame de Bon-Voyage a crate containing 38 dozen and one new deck of “triaille” cards, sold by Thomas Dreveton to Sieur Tourcaty of Marseille."